(Vietnamese_CV_dictionary_v2_0_0)=
# Vietnamese CV dictionary v2.0.0

``````{dictionary} Vietnamese CV dictionary v2.0.0
:id: "Vietnamese CV dictionary v2_0_0"
:tags: Vietnamese;CV;IPA
:language: "Vietnamese"
:dialect: N/A
:layout: not_mfa
:template: dictionary_template
:phoneset: "XPF"
:license: "CC BY 4.0"

   ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/vietnamese/cv/v2.0.0/README.md
    :start-after: "## Dictionary details"
    :end-before: "## Installation"
   ```


   ```{admonition} Acoustic models
   * {ref}`vietnamese_cv_acoustic_model_v2_0_0`
   ```

``````

```{include} ../../../../dictionary/vietnamese/cv/v2.0.0/README.md
:start-after: "new)."
```

## IPA Charts

### Consonants

Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced.

``````{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:stub-columns: 1
:class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered

* - Manner
  - Labial
  - Labiodental
  - Dental
  - Alveolar
  - Palatal
  - Velar
  - Glottal
* - {manner}`Nasal`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * m
        * Occurrences: 266
        * Examples
          * mãi: [m aː˧˥ˀ j]
          * mảnh: [m aː˧˩˧ ŋ]
          * lam: [l aː˧ m]
          * giùm: [z u˨˩ m]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * n̪
        * Occurrences: 416
        * Examples
          * nàng: [n̪ aː˨˩ ŋ]
          * nốt: [n̪ o˧˥ t̪]
          * thản: [t̪ʰ aː˧˩˧ n̪]
          * cơn: [k ɤː˧ n̪]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɲ
        * Occurrences: 72
        * Examples
          * nhớ: [ɲ ɤː˧˥]
          * nhủ: [ɲ u˧˩˧]
          * nhịp: [ɲ i˨˩ˀ p]
          * nhật: [ɲ ɤ˨˩ˀ t̪]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ŋ
        * Occurrences: 454
        * Examples
          * đương: [ɗ ɯɤ˧˧ ŋ]
          * nàng: [n̪ aː˨˩ ŋ]
          * cung: [k u˧ ŋ]
          * khinh: [x i˧ ŋ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Stop` {submanner}`Plain`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * p
        * Occurrences: 75
        * Examples
          * rớp: [z ɤː˧˥ p]
          * tập: [t̪ ɤ˨˩ˀ p]
          * nhịp: [ɲ i˨˩ˀ p]
          * cặp: [k a˨˩ˀ p]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * t̪
        * Occurrences: 317
        * Examples
          * tảo: [t̪ aː˧˩˧ ɔ˧]
          * nốt: [n̪ o˧˥ t̪]
          * bớt: [ɓ ɤː˧˥ t̪]
          * biết: [ɓ ie˧˧˥ t̪]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * k
        * Occurrences: 340
        * Examples
          * cung: [k u˧ ŋ]
          * cơn: [k ɤː˧ n̪]
          * ngoc: [ŋ ɔ˧ k]
          * sức: [s ɯ˧˥ k]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ʔ
        * Occurrences: 89
        * Examples
          * ủng: [ʔ u˧˩˧ ŋ]
          * alo: [ʔ aː˧ l ɔ˧]
          * ươm: [ʔ ɯɤ˧˧ m]
          * uất: [ʔ u˧ ɤ˧˥ t̪]
    ```
* - {submanner}`Implosive`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiced
      * ɓ
        * Occurrences: 121
        * Examples
          * bớt: [ɓ ɤː˧˥ t̪]
          * biết: [ɓ ie˧˧˥ t̪]
          * bại: [ɓ aː˨˩ˀ j]
          * bước: [ɓ ɯɤ˧˧˥ k]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiced
      * ɗ
        * Occurrences: 145
        * Examples
          * đương: [ɗ ɯɤ˧˧ ŋ]
          * đảng: [ɗ aː˧˩˧ ŋ]
          * đừng: [ɗ ɯ˨˩ ŋ]
          * đeo: [ɗ ɛ˧ w]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Affricate`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * tɕ
        * Occurrences: 195
        * Examples
          * tra: [tɕ aː˧]
          * chồn: [tɕ o˨˩ n̪]
          * trì: [tɕ i˨˩]
          * che: [tɕ ɛ˧]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Sibilant`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * s
        * Occurrences: 141
        * Examples
          * xộn: [s o˨˩ˀ n̪]
          * sức: [s ɯ˧˥ k]
          * sóc: [s ɔ˧˥ k]
          * xong: [s ɔ˧ ŋ]
    * voiced
      * z
        * Occurrences: 213
        * Examples
          * rớp: [z ɤː˧˥ p]
          * dại: [z aː˨˩ˀ j]
          * giùm: [z u˨˩ m]
          * giấu: [z ɤ˧˥ u˧]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Fricative`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * f
        * Occurrences: 46
        * Examples
          * phan: [f aː˧ n̪]
          * phũ: [f u˧˥ˀ]
          * phê: [f e˧]
          * phẩm: [f ɤ˧˩˧ m]
    * voiced
      * v
        * Occurrences: 94
        * Examples
          * vách: [v aː˧˥ k]
          * vực: [v ɯ˨˩ˀ k]
          * vậy: [v ɤ˨˩ˀ j]
          * vía: [v ie˧˥˧]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * h
        * Occurrences: 124
        * Examples
          * hoài: [h ɔ˧ aː˨˩ j]
          * hại: [h aː˨˩ˀ j]
          * hộc: [h o˨˩ˀ k]
          * hôn: [h o˧ n̪]
    ```
* - {manner}`Approximant`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * w
        * Occurrences: 67
        * Examples
          * đeo: [ɗ ɛ˧ w]
          * quân: [k w ɤ˧ n̪]
          * quạt: [k w aː˨˩ˀ t̪]
          * xoa: [s w aː˧]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * j
        * Occurrences: 278
        * Examples
          * gửi: [ɣ ɯ˧˩˧ j]
          * mãi: [m aː˧˥ˀ j]
          * thay: [t̪ʰ aː˧ j]
          * dại: [z aː˨˩ˀ j]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Lateral`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * l
        * Occurrences: 128
        * Examples
          * lam: [l aː˧ m]
          * lạc: [l aː˨˩ˀ k]
          * lội: [l o˨˩ˀ j]
          * liên: [l ie˧˧ n̪]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
``````


### Vowels

Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded.

``````{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:stub-columns: 1
:class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered

* -
  - Front
  - Near-Front
  - Central
  - Near-Back
  - Back
* - Close
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * i
        * Occurrences: 175
        * Examples
          * khít: [x i˧˥ t̪]
          * tĩnh: [t̪ i˧˥ˀ ŋ]
          * thỉnh: [t̪ʰ i˧˩˧ ŋ]
          * nhít: [ɲ i˧˥ t̪]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɯ
        * Occurrences: 75
        * Examples
          * sửng: [s ɯ˧˩˧ ŋ]
          * sức: [s ɯ˧˥ k]
          * dưng: [z ɯ˧ ŋ]
          * trưng: [tɕ ɯ˧ ŋ]
    * rounded
      * u
        * Occurrences: 283
        * Examples
          * gũi: [ɣ u˧˥ˀ j]
          * nhủ: [ɲ u˧˩˧]
          * giùm: [z u˨˩ m]
          * chùm: [tɕ u˨˩ m]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Close-Mid
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * e
        * Occurrences: 83
        * Examples
          * đều: [ɗ e˨˩ u˧]
          * trễ: [tɕ e˧˥ˀ]
          * hển: [h e˧˩˧ n̪]
          * nêu: [n̪ e˧ u˧]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɤ
        * Occurrences: 219
        * Examples
          * lẫn: [l ɤ˧˥ˀ n̪]
          * tập: [t̪ ɤ˨˩ˀ p]
          * đẩy: [ɗ ɤ˧˩˧ j]
          * dẫm: [z ɤ˧˥ˀ m]
      * ɤː
        * Occurrences: 116
        * Examples
          * mời: [m ɤː˨˩ j]
          * hợp: [h ɤː˨˩ˀ p]
          * ngơi: [ŋ ɤː˧ j]
          * giơ: [z ɤː˧]
    * rounded
      * o
        * Occurrences: 193
        * Examples
          * đồng: [ɗ o˨˩ ŋ]
          * đồi: [ɗ o˨˩ j]
          * thổn: [t̪ʰ o˧˩˧ n̪]
          * lối: [l o˧˥ j]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Open-Mid
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɛ
        * Occurrences: 120
        * Examples
          * chè: [tɕ ɛ˨˩]
          * thẹn: [t̪ʰ ɛ˨˩ˀ n̪]
          * bẹp: [ɓ ɛ˨˩ˀ p]
          * nhẹn: [ɲ ɛ˨˩ˀ n̪]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * ɔ
        * Occurrences: 259
        * Examples
          * ngọc: [ŋ ɔ˨˩ˀ k]
          * thói: [t̪ʰ ɔ˧˥ j]
          * hỏng: [h ɔ˧˩˧ ŋ]
          * thọ: [t̪ʰ ɔ˨˩ˀ]
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Open
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * a
        * Occurrences: 125
        * Examples
          * răng: [z a˧ ŋ]
          * nhắn: [ɲ a˧˥ n̪]
          * vẳng: [v a˧˩˧ ŋ]
          * thẳng: [t̪ʰ a˧˩˧ ŋ]
      * aː
        * Occurrences: 506
        * Examples
          * mảnh: [m aː˧˩˧ ŋ]
          * vách: [v aː˧˥ k]
          * dãi: [z aː˧˥ˀ j]
          * thay: [t̪ʰ aː˧ j]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
``````


#### Diphthongs

* {ipa_inline}`ie`
* {ipa_inline}`uo`
* {ipa_inline}`ɯɤ`

#### Tones

* {ipa_inline}`˧`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˥`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˥ˀ`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˥ˀ˧`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˥˧`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˧`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˧˥`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˧˥ˀ`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˧˩˧`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˨˩`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˨˩ˀ`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˩˧`
* {ipa_inline}`˧˩˧˧`
* {ipa_inline}`˨˩`
* {ipa_inline}`˨˩ˀ`
* {ipa_inline}`˨˩ˀ˧`
* {ipa_inline}`˨˩˧`